यो मामजमनादिं च वेत्ति लोकमहेश्वरम् | असम्मूढः स मर्त्येषु सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ||१०-३||
yo māmajamanādiṃ ca vetti lokamaheśvaram .
asammūḍhaḥ sa martyeṣu sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ||10-3||
He who knows Me as unborn and beginningless, as the great Lord of the worlds, he, among mortals, is undeluded and he is liberated from all sins.
In simple words
Krishna tells Arjuna: "The person who understands that I have no beginning, that I was never born, and that I am the supreme Lord of all the worlds — that person, among all mortals, is free from confusion and free from all wrongdoing."
Word-by-word meanings
यःwhoमाम्Meअजम्unbornअनादिम्beginninglessचandवेत्तिknowsलोकमहेश्वरम्the great Lord of the worldsअसम्मूढःundeludedसःheमर्त्येषुamongst mortalsसर्वपापैःfrom all sinsप्रमुच्यतेis liberated.
Contemporary scholarly and practical interpretations for modern seekers.
Swami Sivananda
10.3 यः who? माम् Me? अजम् unborn? अनादिम् beginningless? च and? वेत्ति knows? लोकमहेश्वरम् the great Lord of the worlds? असम्मूढः undeluded? सः he? मर्त्येषु amongst mortals? सर्वपापैः from all sins? प्रमुच्यते is liberated. Commentary As the Supreme Being is the cause of all the worlds? He is beginningless. As He is the source of the gods and the great sages? there is no source for His existence. As He is beginningless He is unborn. He is the great Lord of all the worlds.Asammudhah Undeluded. He who has realised that his own innermost Self is not different from the Supreme Self is an undeluded person. Through the removal of ignorance the delusion which is of the form of mutual superimposition between the Self and the notSelf is also removed. He is freed from all sins done consciously or unconsciously in the three periods of time.The ignorant man removes his sins through the performance of expiatory acts (Prayaschitta) and enjoyment of the results. But he is not completely freed from all sins because he continues to do sinful actions through the force of evil Samskaras or impressions because he has not eradicated ignorance? the root cause of all sins? and its effect? egoism and superimposition or the feeling of I in the physical body. As he dies? swayed by the forces of evil Samskaras? he engages himself in doing sinful actions in the next birth. But the sage of Selfrealisation is completely liberated from,all sins because ignorance? the root cause of all sins? and its effect? viz.? the mistaken notion that the body is the Self on account of mutual superimposition between the Self and the notSelf? is eradicated in toto along with the Samskaras and all the sins. The Samskaras are burnt completely like roasted seeds. Just as burnt seeds cannot germinate? so also the burnt Samskaras cannot generate further actions or future births.For the following reason also? I am the great Lord of the worlds.
Swami Chinmayananda
This interpretation draws on a specific tradition and may not represent the view of any single school. For authoritative guidance within a specific tradition, seek a qualified teacher.
# BG 10.3
To know Me is not merely to feel Me in the flow of emotion, nor to understand Me through the thoughts of the intellect. Rather, it is complete and authentic Self-realization—that intimate union with the atman which comes in moments of profound identity with one's true nature. To know the atman not as an object of perception, but to recognize it in its own essential form as unborn, beginningless, and the supreme Lord of all worlds—this is true knowledge.
Those familiar with the ancient tradition of Vedanta philosophy will find these three attributes profoundly meaningful. Yet to those unacquainted with this wisdom, they may seem empty of significance. The insentient material world is finite and limited, where every object, every creature, every experience is transient—all things possess both beginning and end. The infinite, eternal Supreme Self can never be born, for whatever is produced is finite, and no infinite reality can ever express itself in its fullness through any limited form.
When a person mistakes a pillar for a ghost, the ghost may cease to be perceived—for it was never truly there. Yet we cannot say the pillar gave birth to the ghost, or that the ghost arose from the pillar. The pillar existed before, exists now, and will exist after. The atman is eternal and primordial; therefore it is unborn. All other things—their birth, existence, and dissolution—occur within the atman. Waves arise from the ocean, yet the ocean itself is unborn. Each wave has a beginning, middle, and end, but their essential nature remains forever free from all transformation. Thus in this verse, the atman is called beginningless.
The word "loka" (world) means far more than merely the physical universe. The root from which it derives means "to see" or "to experience." Therefore, its complete meaning is the field of experience. In our daily life, we use this word in precisely this sense—the world of the wealthy, the world of criminals, the world of students, the world of poets. Thus, in its fuller sense, "loka" encompasses not only the material world, but also the realm of feelings and thoughts.
My world, then, is that which I experience through my body, mind, and intellect. It is clear that these experiences cannot be mine unless I am continuously aware of them. The conscious principle—by which alone I live and experience the world—must truly be the Lord of my world.
What is true of my individual existence is equally true of all beings in creation, for the atman is one everywhere. The ruler of this collective world, the great Lord, can only be the Supreme Self. This is the true meaning of "Lokamaheshwar"—the Lord of all worlds. God is not a despotic and cruel ruler, nor a sultan sitting in the heavens. The atman is the Lord of our world just as the sun, by day, is the master of the external world—for it alone illuminates it.
Whoever knows Me as unborn, beginningless, and the Lord of all worlds becomes free from delusion. Just as a person terrified by seeing a ghost in a pillar becomes free from fear and confusion the moment he recognizes it as merely a pillar, so too does one become liberated from ignorance and error. In Hindu dharma, sin is not conceived as some terrible, inevitable doom. A person is not punished for his sins; rather, he is punished by his sins. Sin is that self-degrading action which springs from ignorance of one's true nature.
When a person strays from his pure atmic nature and wanders far from it, he identifies himself with the events of the world and experiences pleasure and pain. He conducts himself in the world as though he were merely a loathsome mass of flesh, or a bundle of quivering emotions, or merely a collection of thoughts. Such conduct is a desecration of his one unique, divine, and exalted status. Such actions and thoughts bind him to lower pleasures, preventing him from ever rising above them to reach the summit of true fulfillment.
Once a person recognizes his true nature as the atman and establishes firm faith in it, he never again engages in sinful action. Sinful tendencies are like poisonous sores through which we suffer the pain of our limitations and the anguish of bondage. The moment we recognize that the atman is unborn and beginningless, and that it has no connection whatsoever with perishable and changeable conditions, in that very moment we attain all that is to be attained in life and know all that is to be known. Such a person of true wisdom becomes himself the Lord of all worlds.