Bhagavad Gita Chapter 18, Verse 63 (BG 18.63) — Meaning, Translation & Commentary

This passage is considered the final verse of the Bhagavad Gita discourse delivered on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. In Sanskrit, the word "iti" marks the conclusion of a statement or quotation. In this light, Lord Sri Krishna completes His teaching here. **On the Most Secret Knowledge** A secret or mystery is that which remains unknown to most people, yet is known to a rare few. Although it is unknown, it is not unknowable. This knowledge can be obtained from those who have realized the truth. The Bhagavad Gita imparts the knowledge of the atman. Since the atman is the witness, it can never be known as an object through the senses, mind, or intellect. Therefore, no matter how wise a person may be, through their own intellect alone they cannot even glimpse the pure nature of the atman. For this, the guidance of a Teacher is absolutely essential. Because it is entirely beyond the reach of the senses, this knowledge of the atman is more profound than all worldly secrets. The word "secret" does not mean this knowledge should never be taught to anyone. However, during India's period of decline, certain people, treating it as their personal possession, withheld this knowledge from others under the guise of secrecy. Yet if we study our sacred texts properly, we shall find that the wise and generous rishis never endorsed such rigid orthodoxy. There is no doubt that one who lacks the mental and intellectual capacity to receive subtle knowledge is not qualified for it. Imparting the highest knowledge to the unqualified may lead them to misunderstand it and live a flawed life, causing harm to themselves. Upon full reflection, mere listening or reading alone cannot grant complete knowledge. Knowledge must be free from doubt and false assumptions. Therefore, one must engage in rational reflection and contemplation upon the knowledge received from the Teacher. Each seeker must verify the truth of the knowledge obtained through their own reflection. Lord Sri Krishna does not wish Arjuna to accept His teaching without careful consideration. Therefore, He says here: "Act as you wish, according to your own will." **On Free Will** Lord Sri Krishna leaves the final decision regarding the acceptance of the path of karma yoga entirely to Arjuna. Every person must strive toward the attainment of God through their own free will. No one can be compelled in this matter, for in all spiritual pursuits, voluntary effort and natural inclination are considered invaluable qualities. After presenting all the principles, truths, and means of life before Arjuna, Lord Sri Krishna invites him to make a thoughtful decision. Teachers of spirituality should never compel their students in any way. In India, the dharma has never been propagated through coercion. Lord Sri Krishna continues to say: